AGRICULTURE AND AGRARIAN SYSTEM, IRRIGATION SYSTEM, AND LAND OWNERSHIP ISSUES IN THE BUKHARA KHANATE (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE 19TH CENTURY)

Abstract

This scientific article is devoted to the study of the specific features of the agrarian system, land ownership and irrigation system in the Bukhara Khanate. The development of the agrarian system, which was one of the central elements of the economic and political structure of the Bukhara Khanate of the 19th century, the distribution of land and water resources, as well as the processes of social stratification are analyzed. The article pays special attention to the production mechanisms of the agrarian system in the Bukhara Khanate, land ownership and the connection of this system with the political system in society. Methodologically, the article is written on the basis of historical analysis and socio-economic approaches and is based on the work of Uzbek and foreign researchers. In the process of research, the existing literature on agriculture, irrigation system and land management is analyzed and new conclusions are drawn on the topic studied. At the end of the article, a general conclusion is given about the political and economic consequences of the agrarian system in the Bukhara Khanate and proposals are made for reforming the agrarian policy of Uzbekistan today.  The results of the study are especially useful in shaping modern agrarian policy and reforming land relations.